ASN Report 2017

86 ASN report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2017 Chapter 03  - Regulations 1. The general framework for the legislation and regulation of nuclear activities Nuclear activities are defined in Article L. 1333-1 of the CSP (Public Health Code). They are subject to various specific requirements aiming to protect individuals and the environment and apply either to all these activities, or only to certain categories. The body of legislative and regulatory texts is described in this chapter. N uclear activites are highly diverse, covering any activity relating to the preparation or utilisation of radioactive substances or ionising radiation. Nuclear activities are covered by a legal framework that, depending on the nature of the activity and the associated risks, aims to guarantee that they will not be likely to be detrimental to public health and safety or the protection of nature and the environment. These activities are subject to the general provisions of the Public Health Code and, depending on their nature and the risks that they involve, to a specific legal system: ཛྷ ཛྷ the system for Installations Classified for Protection of the Environment (ICPE) for those activities covered by the list in Article L. 511-2 of the Environment Code (industrial activities using unsealed radioactive sources, depot, storage or disposal facilities for solid ore residues, etc.); ཛྷ ཛྷ the Basic Nuclear Installations (BNI) System specified in Article L. 593-1 of the Environment Code; ཛྷ ཛྷ the Defence Basic Nuclear Installations (DBNI) System, which is subject to the Defence Code; ཛྷ ཛྷ the small-scale nuclear activities system for the other activities (medical or industrial activities using ionising radiation or radioactive sources). The transposition into French law of European Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of 5th December 2013 setting basic standards for health protection against the hazards arising from exposure to ionising radiation, will allow a renovation of the general legal framework for nuclear activities during the course of 2018. DIAGRAM 1: Drafting of radiation protection doctrine and basic standards Assessment of scientific studies (UNSCEAR) International standards ((IAEA, ILO, WHO, PAHO, FAO, NEA) Discussions (ICRU, IAEA, OECD/NEA, WHO, etc.) Recommendations (ICRP) Regional standards European Directives National legislation 1.1 The regulatory basis of nuclear activities 1.1.1 Radiation protection international baseline requirements The specific legal requirements for radiation protection are based on various standards and recommendations issued by various international organisations. The following in particular can be mentioned: